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The San Fernando region contains many relics and remnants from ancient civilizations dating back to the Paleolithic and early Bronze eras. Later settlers include the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Visigoths, and the Muslims.
After the expulsion of the Moors by the Catholic monarch Alfonso X, San Fernando became a town independent from Cádiz. Under the rule of the Ponce de León family, the House of Arcos, the town became known as Isla de León. In the 15th century, control of the island was transferred by King Juan II to the Zuazo family, whose rule over the town ended in the 16th century. It returned to the Ponce de León family and became a strategic and major military post. Military projects were implemented, such as the Marina de la Carraca Arsenal. The new village of San Carlos was also built, as well as the Marina Astronomical Observatory in the 18th century.
In 1813, after the Spanish War of Independence, Isla de León changed to the present day name of San Fernando, in honor of King Ferdinand VII.
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